Abstract
The study of the rolling tyre is a problem framed in the general context of nonlinear elasticity. The dynamics of the related phenomena is still an open topic, even though few examples and models of tyres can be found in the technical literature. The interest in the dissipation effects associated with the rolling motion is justified by their importance in fuel-saving and in the context of an eco-friendly design. However, a general lack of knowledge characterizes the phenomenon, since not even direct experience on the rolling tyre can reveal the insights of the correlated different dissipation effects, as the friction between the rubber and the road, the contact kinematics and dynamics, the tyre hysteretic behaviour and the grip. A new technology, based on fibre Bragg grating strain sensors and conceived within the OPTYRE project, is illustrated for the specific investigation of the tyre dissipation related phenomena. The remarkable power of this wireless optical system stands in the chance of directly accessing the behaviour of the inner tyre in terms of stresses when a real-condition-rolling is experimentally observed. The ad hoc developed tyre model has allowed the identification of the instant grip conditions, of the area of the contact patch and allows the estimation of the instant dissipated power, which is the focus of this paper.
Highlights
The automotive industry is one of the major actors in the stage of greenhouse emission and electricity production [1] and the enhancement of road vehicle efficiency becomes the answer to the environment-wise concern
This section describes the measurement scheme and the experimental setup, starting from the fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors embedded inside the tyre
This19,section fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors embedded inside the tyre
Summary
The automotive industry is one of the major actors in the stage of greenhouse emission and electricity production [1] and the enhancement of road vehicle efficiency becomes the answer to the environment-wise concern. The development of an embedded system of sensors [8,9] for monitoring key variables, such as pressure, strain, temperature, acceleration, wheel loading, friction and tread wear, requires advanced technologies in the field of sensors and data transmission systems These last need a dedicated power supply system, itself a challenging task [10]. The actual application of this sensing system is limited to the tyre internal pressure and contact patch monitoring, for which much simpler systems can be installed (based for example on the deviation of the rolling speed of one considered wheel with respect to the average of the others, as, for example, using the flat tyre monitoring (FTM) It becomes clear how sensing systems, provided with simple architecture, and accurate identification methods [24,25,26] represent an urgent goal.
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