Abstract
Conventional optical systems (lenses, wave-plates and holograms) shape the wavefront of light within the range of an optical path that is much larger than the wavelength of light. The control of amplitude, phase and polar-ization of light depends on the dynamic optical path difference accumulated through the reflection, refraction and diffraction. Recently, planar ultrathin optical components have attracted tremendous attention by removing such traditional limitations. In this paper, we mainly review the recent progress of plasmonic metasurfaces with respect to wavefront shaping of free space and localized optical fields, including the fundamental mechanisms and applications. Both the drawbacks of existing technology and potential development are highlighted.
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