Abstract

Mix ratios of liquid-to-binder (L/B), fly ash-to-binder (FA/B), nanoSiO2-to-binder (NS/B) and NaOH concentration (NH) of fly ash-nanoSiO2-cement geopolymer pastes were optimized for the flow of paste and the compressive strength simultaneously. Optimum mix design was found at 50% L/B, 60% FA/B, 0.04% NS/B and 1.71M NH resulting in a maximum achievable compressive strength at 22.2MPa after a 7-day curing under ambient temperature (25±5°C) and the desired flow of paste at 110%. It was found that NH had the greatest effect on the flow of paste: the higher NH, the smaller the flow of paste was. On the other hand, NS/B showed the least effect on the compressive strength. Pervious geopolymer concrete made with the optimum mix was able to reduce fecal coliforms and phosphorus by 54–100 and 25–85%, respectively, depending on the contact time (0.5–8h). A greater FC and P removal % was achieved at a higher pH caused by pervious geopolymer concrete.

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