Abstract
A safe rural domestic water supply project has been initiated based on different consumption uses. Long-term computation method and the water balance principle are used to analyze the yearly water demand. Water supply and demand balance is achieved through regulated planning of the rainwater collection surface area and water storage capacity. The best combination of collection area and storage capacity is then determined for various rainfall zones in order to satisfy safe domestic water needs. Ultimately, an optimum matching model is developed to utilize rainwater harvesting for providing safe domestic water in rural areas.
Highlights
In Northwest China, the annual precipitation ranges between 300 and 550 mm, and total water resources equate to less than 1000 m3 per capita
That the dual needs for water quantity and quality may be satisfied by the best combination of collection surface and catchment system capacity, we aim to develop an optimum matching model approach to an economical and safe domestic water supply in the rural areas
According to the current rural situation in China, the major consumption uses of a safe rural domestic water supply are in the household and in animal husbandry
Summary
In Northwest China, the annual precipitation ranges between 300 and 550 mm, and total water resources equate to less than 1000 m3 per capita. The precipitation is unfavorably distributed: 50–70% occurs in July to September, with only 19–24% in May and June, which is the main crop growth period [1]. Owing to the topographic and geological conditions, water conveyance systems are very difficult to build. Agriculture is mainly rain-fed, making it vulnerable and unreliable. The northern region of China has a long history of drought and water shortage. Historical records show that 749 droughts occurred in the period 206 BC–1949 AD (2155 years), but in the 41 years from
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