Abstract
A virtualized radio access network (V-RAN) is considered one of the key research points in the development of 5G and the interception of machine learning algorithms in the Telecom industry. Recent technological advancements in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Radio (SDR) are the main blocks towards V-RAN that have enabled the virtualization of dual-site processing instead of all BBU processing as in the traditional RAN. As a result, several types of research discussed the trade-off between power and bandwidth consumption in V-RAN. Processing at remote locations instead of BBU reduces mid-haul bandwidth at the expense of power consumption and vice versa. As a result, the integration of NFV and SDR in V-RAN facilitates dynamic power consumption and processing whenever relaxation is needed. This paper studies several functional splits proposed by ETSI in the NFV of the dual-site network. In addition, network performance is analyzed in terms of data rate, power consumption, and energy efficiency (EE) optimization. Furthermore, the combined optimization of power consumption and mid-haul bandwidth are investigated, and optimal operating parameters are recommended for similar network operators. Thus, regulators/operators can adjust their networks with these parameters to achieve the best performance. Additionally, the UEs switching scheme is introduced to sleep some RRHs in low-density traffic to lessen power consumption.
Highlights
Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is an initiative to virtualize traditional network services using dedicated functions such as load balancing, routing, dynamic resource allocation, etc., which are performed on virtual machines (VMs)
The consumed power at 100% active Remote Radio Head (RRH) is equal to 4 x 1012 watt. This value is reduced while decreasing the active RRHs to reach 1.7 x 1012 watt at K = 40%
This paper studied the energy efficiency, power consumption, and data rates in a virtualized radio access network (V-RAN) with function splitting in dual sites (Central and Remote) sites
Summary
Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is an initiative to virtualize traditional network services using dedicated functions such as load balancing, routing, dynamic resource allocation, etc., which are performed on virtual machines (VMs). Their work in [16] has solved a cost function of power consumption and bandwidth using IBM ILOG CPLEX, but they did not solve the joint optimization problem, which inspires us to extend their work This motivated us to work on dual-site processing, in addition to the recommendation to work on the same model from ETSI [1], small cell community, 3GPP and NGMN [4]. A few works considered the virtualization in the dual sites of C-RAN, but solving the optimization problem of the power consumption and midhaul bandwidth still requires further studies. The Pi is the percentage of UP of UEi and qc is the percentage of function split of CP in cell C. ǁ function is a test indicator which is used to make sure if the constraint is satisfied or not
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