Abstract
Utilization of petroleum coke in the rejuvenating Nigerian metallurgical industry is currently satisfied by importation from more industrialized nations of the world such as the USA, Brazil and Venezuela where delayed coking plants operate and grow in number. The sad years of poor planning have revealed lapses in integration and synergic planning of our industrial complex. The sources of petroleum coke feedstock have been identified and confirmed as atmospheric and vacuum residues of Nigerian refineries. Analysis has portrayed a symbiotic relationship between the metallurgical industry as one of the major end users of various petroleum coke grades, the shot coke, the sponge coke and the needle coke, and the petroleum industry on its part benefiting while providing ready market for steel sheet metals for even coke drum manufacture. This effort shall greatly increase the Nigerian content in these key industrial sectors, with the resultant reduction in capital flight through importation, if rethinking, and re-strategizing are injected into our industrial planning, and revamps models. Redesign options of existing refineries and reengineering of newly proposed refineries should contain resid processing units such as Delayed Coking Plant which will deepen conversion of residual petroleum feed stocks and produce various petroleum coke grades for utilization in power generation sector and our growing metallurgical and electrode industries.
Highlights
Kudrin [1] indicates that in countries with relatively weakly developed industry and a low stock of metals in use, the charge of steel making plants consists mainly of pig iron
Pig iron smelted in blast furnaces is graded as foundry iron, conversion iron and blast furnace ferro-alloys, the main mass being produced as conversion iron which is converted into steel in steel making plants
In contrast to metallurgical coke which is produced from coal, petroleum coke is produced from heavy petroleum residues e.g. Vacuum residue and other asphalteno-resinous materials in thermal cracking process called delayed coking
Summary
Kudrin [1] indicates that in countries with relatively weakly developed industry and a low stock of metals in use, the charge of steel making plants consists mainly of pig iron (or products of direct conversion of iron from iron ores). Processing industry was developed at high rate and the construction of metallurgical complexes was started at that time. Metallurgical research centres were sited in the country to give a high technical support to the metallurgical industries located at Ajaokuta in Kogi State, and Aladja in Delta State, with the rolling mills at Oshogbo, Katsina and Jos to name a few of the down-stream iron and steel works. The raw materials requirement of a metallurgical industry is usually very high and in the Nigerian case, has both the local and foreign components. Of all raw materials for iron and steel smelting, coal in the form of coke is the chief source of fuel
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