Abstract
As part of our research on efficiency improvement of PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Solar Cell), achieving very low reflectivity values of solar cell surface is a must. One of the most advance technologies to do so is the use of advanced texturing for the front surface of the cells. This texture, also known as Black Silicon, consists of peaks and valleys of nano metric dimensions and capable of dramatically reducing the reflectance of the front surface. A reflectance around 5% was reached ,using simulation, when using a Black-Silicon texturing with height of 50nm with peak rounding of 5nm. Even though this texturing may affect other parameters such as series resistance or surface recombination, as a starting point, simulation was used to find the optimum peak rounding, where the radius of curvature of the peak is maximum, while keeping reflectance as low as possible.
Highlights
The photovoltaic industry is currently a mature industry whose main producers offer solar panels to the market that increase in power every year, and at a proportionally lower cost. Most of these panels use Silicon solar cells, which are progressively migrating towards PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Solar Cell) technology, since optimum cost / efficiency ratios are currently achieved with such technology [1]
Black Silicon (b-Si), as the name suggests absorbs the majority of photons incident on the surface and appears black to the naked eye.It consists of a nano-textured surface
Simulations of the smoothing experiments will be performed while modifying the texture profiles in the program in order to include the rounding of the peaks and measure the reflectivity for different amplitudes and radii of curvature
Summary
The photovoltaic industry is currently a mature industry whose main producers offer solar panels to the market that increase in power every year, and at a proportionally lower cost Most of these panels use Silicon solar cells, which are progressively migrating towards PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Solar Cell) technology, since optimum cost / efficiency ratios are currently achieved with such technology [1]. The unusual photoelectric characteristics, combined with the semiconducting properties of silicon makes b-Si interesting for solar cells applications as antireflection layers [7,8]. These nanostructures as an antireflection layer increase the surface area of the solar cells, and increase the amount of sunlight that is captured rather than reflected back from the cells. When the surface structures are much larger than the wavelength of light, the phenomenon can be explained intuitively by geometric optics based on multiple reflections, while in the case of b-Si , nano-structured surfaces provide a gradual variation of the refractive index that minimizes reflections (Figure 1) [9, 3]
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