Optimizing the propagation of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) rootstocks under in vitro conditions

Abstract

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is one of the most important plants in the pharmaceutical and perfumery industry. The present study was carried out to achieve an efficient and effective regeneration instruction for use in breeding programs under laboratory conditions of this economically valuable plant. For this purpose, two damask rose genotypes were used in MS and WPM media. In the proliferation stage, the effect of growth regulator 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at six levels of 0 (control), 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg.l-1, and in the rooting stage, the effect of growth regulator indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at five levels of 0 (control), 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg.l-1 were investigated. Based on the ANOVA results of proliferation data, genotypes Kashan in MS medium (2.72) and Isfahan in the WPM medium (2.50) had the highest number of shoots. The highest amount of shooting was obtained in MS medium containing 5 mg.l-1 BAP. Genotype Kashan in MS medium containing 5 mg.l-1 BAP had the highest mean shoot length (2.93 cm). In terms of shoots fresh weight, genotype Isfahan had the highest weight in the WPM medium containing 5 mg.l-1 BAP. The interaction effect of genotype × medium × BAP on dry weight was not significant. The highest number and mean root length in both genotypes Isfahan and Kashan were observed in the WPM medium containing 0.2 mg.l-1 IBA. Rooted shoots were transferred to the pots containing a mixture of horticultural soil, peat, and perlite with the same volume ratio (1: 1: 1), and based on observation, the survival coefficient was more than 80%.