Optimizing the component ratio to develop the biocomposites with carrageenan/collagen/allopurinol for the controlled drug release

Abstract

In this paper, biocomposites were prepared with carrageenan/fish scale/allopurinol collagen by solution method. Carrageenan fish scale collagen and allopurinol were used at different ratio and the effect of varying the component ratio was investigated by studying the shape, morphology, thermal behavior, and drug release ability of the biocomposites. By varying the carrageenan/collagen ratio, the shape of the biocomposites can be modified. When high amount of carrageenan was used, biocomposites were obtained in film whereas higher content of collagen produced powder form of biocomposites. The characteristics of the biocomposites were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) techniques. The drug (allopurinol) release ability of the biocomposites was evaluated with Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vis). Biocomposites in the powder form are different from the biocomposites in the film form by having different shape, morphology, thermal behavior, and drug release ability. However, both are sensitive to pH of solution in drug release process. In addition, the cell toxicity of allopurinol and these biocomposites was evaluated with Vero cells by MTT method. The obtained results confirmed that the biocomposite materials in film shape are promising for the application in biomedicine.