Abstract
In this study, a natural low-coast, efficient, and eco- bio-sorbent plant material (Ludwigia stolonifera), with both parts of the root and shoot, were studied for the removal of the cationic metal ions, lead Pb2+ and chromium Cr6+, via batch mode experiments to evaluate their maximum adsorption capacity, and held a comparison between the used bio-sorbent roots and shoots, based on the highest bio-sorption potential. Optimization of the bio-sorption parameters, such as contact time, pH, bio-sorbent (root and shoot) dosage, and initial ion concentration was conducted. The results indicated that 1.6 g of the used bio-sorbent shoot material removed 81.4% of Pb2+, and 77% of Cr6+ metal ions from liquid media under the conditions of 100 ppm of initial metal ions concentration at room temperature for 60 min of contact time with the static condition. Different isotherms and kinetic models were fit to the experimental data to understand the nature of the bio-sorption process. The experimental data were best fit by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999), which reveals the chemisorption nature of the bio-sorption process. The chemical and structural analysis of the used bio-sorbent, before and after Cr6+ and Pb2+ bio-sorption, were performed using different techniques of characterization, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The used bio-sorbent proved to be a low-cost, efficient, and eco-friendly material to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.
Highlights
IntroductionHg2+ which are not biodegradable and cause severe health risks such as skin damage, liver, and lung cancer [3,4]
Phytoremediation technologies are considered an effective, eco-friendly, and cheap way to clean up water contaminated with hazardous pollutants, such as the heavy metals (Cr6+, and Pb2+ )
L. stolonifera, such as metal ion content, medium pH-value, biomass dosage, and contact time between the bio-sorbent and bio-sorbate and were evaluated through a series of benchscale experiments which revealed that the maximum removal uptake percentage of Pb2+
Summary
Hg2+ which are not biodegradable and cause severe health risks such as skin damage, liver, and lung cancer [3,4] Of these heavy metals Chromium is of significant interest, due to it being considered the 16th most toxic element causing severe adverse health effects, according to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Cr6+ is 500 times more toxic than Cr3+ , Cr6+ moves faster in ground and surface waters in a wide range of pH and causes adverse health effects such as asthma, eye irritation, and liver damage It is involved in various industries such as mining, textile, and anti-corrosion materials [5,6]
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