Optimizing Sustainable Agriculture: Harnessing Urine as a Cost-Effective Fertilizer for Enhanced Amaranth Growth and Soil Microbial Health in Tropical Regions

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of urine and other fertilizers on the soil microbial community’s role in enhancing Amaranthus hybridus L. growth and productivity. Utilizing a combination of field experiments and microbial analysis, we explored the potential of human urine as an alternative and sustainable fertilizer for amaranth cultivation in tropical regions like Nigeria. Our research showed that urine outperformed artificial fertilizers, especially when properly diluted, encouraging more soil microbial variety and activity. Furthermore, variety-specific responses were observed, emphasizing the importance of selecting the right amaranth variety for urine- based fertilization. To ensure safe and effective urine application, proper handling procedures were emphasized. These findings had significant implications for sustainable agriculture as they offered alternatives to chemical fertilizers, promoted healthy soil and provided cost-effective options for small-scale farmers. This research encouraged the adoption of urine-based fertilization practices in tropical agriculture, with further exploration needed to refine best practices and assess long-term effects.