Optimizing Rice Milling in Bangladesh: A Comprehensive Analysis of Semi-Automatic Processes with Modern Machinery

Abstract

This study investigates the inclusion of modern machinery into the rice milling process in Bangladesh. The investigation spanned three districts-Dinajpur, Kushtia, and Mymensingh. Data collection involved personal interviews employing semi-structured questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions, covering aspects such as mill types, ownership status, existing products, milling machinery varieties, and the total commissioning cost of mills/sections. Employing a primary descriptive statistical method, the study aimed to assess the current status of rice milling, specifically semi-automated processes utilizing modern machinery, focusing on type, capacity, and technological aspects. The research revealed milling costs for semi-automatic operations without modern equipment at Tk.2954 and those with modern equipment at Tk.3460. Whole rice recovery rates were 66.25% and 64.75%, respectively. Semi-automatic rice mills exhibited a capacity range of 1.15-1.75 t/h, with a utilization rate of 40%. The estimated benefit-cost ratios (BCRs) were higher for semi-automatic mills, both with and without modern equipment, at 1.48 and 1.64, respectively. Staff requirements for semi-automatic operations without modern equipment and those with modern equipment were reported as 9.13 and 4.50 person-hours per ton of paddy processing, respectively. These findings serve as a valuable foundation for making well-informed decisions and offering guidance to policymakers, industry stakeholders, and entrepreneurs in optimizing the benefits of automation for sustainable and competitive rice production in Bangladesh.