Abstract
PurposeMicronutrient deficiencies are frequently reported after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and therefore lifelong daily multivitamin supplementation is highly recommended. Based on literature and the results of a previous randomized controlled trial, a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients was further optimized (WLS Optimum 2.0, FitForMe). The present study reports on its short-term effectiveness.Materials and MethodsAn open-label study was performed in which 76 patients were included to receive WLS Optimum 2.0 for 12 months (Opt 2.0 group). This group was compared with a group of 75 patients that had received WLS Optimum 1.0 for 12 months during a previous study (Opt 1.0 group).ResultsIntention-to-treat analysis (Opt 1.0, n = 69; Opt 2.0, n = 75) showed higher serum levels of vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and zinc, and a lower prevalence of deficiencies for vitamin B12 and phosphate in the Opt 2.0 group. MCV and serum folic acid levels were higher in the Opt 1.0 group. Over the 12-month study period, mean increase in serum levels of phosphate, vitamin B6, and zinc was higher in the Opt 2.0 group, and MCV and serum vitamin D levels increased more in the Opt 1.0 group.ConclusionThe present study showed that the use of a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients is effective at preventing deficiencies for most vitamins and minerals, specifically in compliant patients. However, a strict follow-up regime remains necessary to monitor nutritional status and to improve patient compliance.
Highlights
The laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most commonly performed bariatric procedure worldwide [1]
In a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) [13], WLS Optimum 1.0 has shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of anemia and improving serum levels of folic acid, parathyroidhormone levels (PTH), and vitamin B1 in comparison to a standard, over-the-counter multivitamin supplement (100% RDA) [13]
According to the PP analysis, we found that the mean increase in PTH and serum calcium levels were higher in the Opt 2.0 group whereas the mean increase in serum albumin levels was lower in this group
Summary
The laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is currently the most commonly performed bariatric procedure worldwide [1]. After SG, there are several factors that put patients at risk for developing nutritional deficiencies, including reduced dietary intake, In 2012, a customized multivitamin supplement with elevated doses of vitamins and minerals designed for SG patients was introduced (WLS Optimum 1.0; FitForMe, Rotterdam, the Netherlands). In a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) [13], WLS Optimum 1.0 has shown to be effective in reducing the prevalence of anemia and improving serum levels of folic acid, PTH, and vitamin B1 in comparison to a standard, over-the-counter multivitamin supplement (100% RDA) [13]. No differences were found for the OBES SURG (2021) 31:2520–2528 prevalence of deficiencies for iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and other vitamins and minerals Based on these findings, the composition of WLS Optimum 1.0 was further optimized by elevating the levels of elementary iron, folic acid, vitamin B12, vitamin B1, copper, and zinc. The present study reports on the short-term effectiveness (≤ 12 months) of WLS Optimum 2.0 in comparison to WLS Optimum 1.0
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