Abstract
Transit-oriented development (TOD) is based around transit stations, with the emphasis on high population density and multifunctional areas in promoting sustainable mobility. This study aimed to develop a TOD model that could achieve an optimum land use allocation to maximize transit ridership. A critical literature review, an analysis of value engineering through function and benchmarking studies were conducted in order to develop a baseline plan for a TOD model, which was then optimized using linear programming. A total of four light rail transit (LRT) stations located in Jakarta were used as the case study to represent model implementation, ridership evaluation and optimal design. The optimization results showed that office workers constituted the highest number of transit passengers, followed by those working in hotels and commercial/retail and residential users. It was also found that optimizing the design of the TOD can increase the number of daily LRT passengers by up to 55%.
Highlights
The provision of train-based mass transportation systems, known as transit systems, is an effective way to tackle the challenges faced by cities such as traffic jams, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and other social problems which straightforwardly affect the quality of city life [1], as it alters the use of private vehicles [2,3]
The governments of many countries in the world have made a significant investment in urban transit infrastructures such as metrorail, mass rapid transit (MRT), light rail transit (LRT) and bus rapid transit (BRT) [6]
Transit-oriented development (TOD) planning plays a significant role in maximizing the transit revenue from user demand and in creating compact and sustainable urban development in a limited land area
Summary
The provision of train-based mass transportation systems, known as transit systems, is an effective way to tackle the challenges faced by cities such as traffic jams, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions and other social problems which straightforwardly affect the quality of city life [1], as it alters the use of private vehicles [2,3]. Those problems are intensified by the absence of land use integration and effective transportation systems [4]. Since the urban rail system can capture a large share of the overall public transport market [8], optimizing high rail transit ridership can increase the operating income from farebox revenue
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