Optimizing compressive mechanical properties and water absorption of polycaprolactone/nano-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds by 3D printing based on fused deposition modeling

Abstract

This research examines the mechanical properties and water absorption of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds reinforced with nano-hydroxyapatite (N-HA) particles, printed using a 3D printer based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. Fabricating this composite material aims to replicate a tissue similar to bone tissue. Biocompatible N-HA (50% by weight) was utilized to fortify the matrix phase and enhance the mechanical properties. The compression test results showed that the addition of N-HA augmented the compressive strength and modulus of the scaffolds (with a nominal porosity of 60% and a filling pattern of 0/60/120) by 240% and 150%, respectively. Moreover, the water absorption increased by 600%.