Optimizing anode materials for lithium-ion batteries: The role of lithium iron phosphate/graphite composites

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this study, a novel composite anode material for lithium-ion batteries has been developed, targeting advancements in energy storage technology. The study is centered on integrating various percentages of LiFePO4 known for its high thermal stability and high capacity when used as an anode active material with graphite to increase capacity and thermal durability of anode electrode. This approach has led to the creation of LiFePO4/graphite composite anodes, utilizing a slurry mixing technique to combine the beneficial properties of both materials. Thermogravimetric analysis indicate LiFePO4/graphite’s higher thermal stability than its graphite counterpart, which implies that the addition of LiFePO4 alters the thermal decomposition profile of the anode electrode. Electrochemical assessments show that particularly LiFePO4: graphite = 6:94 wt% composite anode electrode delivers the highest discharge capacity of 437 mAh g−1 with Coulombic efficiency of 95%; the highest discharge capacity of 385 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 70 mA g−1 with superior capacity retention and rate performance of 311.5 mAh g−1 at 700 mA g−1 compared to the graphite anode electrode. These findings highlight the potential of the LiFePO4/graphite composite as an anode material in improving lithium-ion battery performance, making it a viable option for future energy storage solutions.