Abstract
The scarcity of energy and environmental pollution are increasingly becoming serious issues. Encouragement for the use of electric vehicles (EVs) has become a preferred solution. The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is one of the core modules for ensuring the safe operation of EVs. This paper proposes a direct flow cooling battery thermal management system (DFC-BTMS) with rod baffles for EVs. It uses a lipid organic liquid as the coolant and rod baffles as the flow disturbance structures in the flow channel. Based on extensive experimental and simulation results for 18,650-type battery, DFC-BTMS is empirically analyzed. The experimental results show that DFC-BTMS can control the average surface temperature of the battery within the safe range at a 4C discharge rate. This paper also optimizes the distance of the rod baffles and the length of the battery pack through simulation. The optimized system is comprehensively evaluated based on the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC). At a 3C discharge rate and a volume flow rate of 2 LPM, the optimized DFC-BTMS results in a maximum average surface temperature of 24.789 °C and a maximum temperature difference of 2.734 °C for the battery pack. The system PEC is 3.07. The proposed DFC-BTMS can provide an innovative thermal management solution for EVs.
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