Optimized topology for a photovoltaic array using switches control

Abstract

The photovoltaic (PV) industry is experiencing rapid growth driven primarily by rising global energy demand and the inevitable transition to sustainable energy sources. Nevertheless, various factors impede the performance of PV panels, prompting researchers to consider novel PV systems. Mismatch loss is a significant concern induced by dust accumulation, nearby objects, or bird droppings, which restrict the power output of the PV array, particularly when interconnected in the standard mode. In this context, the present investigation aimed to identify the optimal topology for different partial-shading models. The proposed approach automatically manipulates switches to ensure an appropriate interconnection scheme by utilizing a novel process based on the perturb and observe (P&O) concept. Furthermore, this study applies advanced global maximum power point tracking (GMPPT) techniques based on PV curve scanning and the enhanced P&O method to effectively manage the PV system’s maximum power output during dynamic partial shading conditions (PSC). The power–voltage (P–V) curves and power production associated with each shading model are analyzed using MATLAB Simulink to assess the validity and effectiveness of the approach. Ultimately, the methodology achieves a special power rate exceeding 20 W for a small-scale PV plant with a capacity of 240 W under certain shading patterns, notably random shading distribution.