Optimized Public Parking Location Modelling for Green Intelligent Transportation System Using Genetic Algorithms

Tong Shen,Jiaping Liu,Kun Hua

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2957803

Tong Shen, Jiaping Liu + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2957803

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Abstract

This paper proposes an optimal parking site selection scheme to alleviate CO 2 emissions of the traffic flows for green urban road networks. Through the creative dynamic traffic zone programming, a constrained optimization model is set up to assess the impact of potential public parking locations on road traffic emissions. In each scenario, Thiessen Polygon based zoning method is applied to investigate the distributions of road traffics. The main contribution of this study is as follows. Firstly, this proposed model takes the CO 2 emission of the whole traffic network of sustainable city development as the optimization goal, instead of the traditionally discussed travel distance or cost efficiency. Secondly, a Thiessen polygon based public parking zoning method is developed and implemented realistically. This zoning method provides a precise approach to traffic distribution and parking demand estimation. Rather than the quadrilateral or radial zoning, this method pays more attention to the parking supply demand and its impact on parking congestion. Thirdly, the genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimal public parking location (PPL) sets. GA has a great application value in speeding up stochastic search for global optimization. It is especially suitable to simulate complex and large capacity problems concerning the realistic solutions. By implementing the dynamic zoning and modelling method into intelligent transportation system (ITS), the efficiency of parking induction and dynamic optimization of traffic distribution could be ensured for the future smart mobility. Therefore, this model not only serves as a novel method for public parking allocations, but hold potential to support intelligent parking guidance, as a part of the intelligent traffic system for smart city development.

Highlights

Public parking space is normally viewed as a scarce resource in heavy traffic areas, and its limited capacity is one of the crucial factors in intensifying traffic congestion [1]–[4]
This paper proposes an optimal parking site selection scheme to alleviate CO2 emission of the traffic flows in green urban road networks
Through the dynamic traffic zone programming, a constrained optimization model has been set up to assess the impact of alternative public parking locations on road traffic emissions

Summary

Introduction

Public parking space is normally viewed as a scarce resource in heavy traffic areas, and its limited capacity is one of the crucial factors in intensifying traffic congestion [1]–[4]. Parking cruising and illegal parking caused by the limited parking availability, lead to congestion and make the concurrent carbon emissions to their. According to [8], vehicles will spend 3.5 to 14 minutes looking for an available public parking space, which result in extra carbon emissions and the traffic flow increases by 20-45% [9]. Paper [10] verified that an 18-minute illegal on-road parking will increase carbon emissions by 26.5% on a lane with traffic capacity of 1200 vehicles per hour. Efficient management of stationary traffic through public parking space allocation would be critical in speeding up and smoothing traffics [11]

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