Abstract
Stomata are key innovation in plants that drives the global carbon and water cycle. In the past few decades, many stomatal models have been developed for studying gas exchange, photosynthesis, and transpirational characteristics of plants, but they provide limited information on stomatal mechanisms at the molecular and cellular levels. Quantitative mathematical modeling offers an effective in silico approach to explore the link between microscopic transporter functioning and the macroscopic stomatal characteristics. As a first step, a dynamic system model based on the guard cell membrane transport system was developed and encoded in the OnGuard software. This software has already generated a wealth of testable predictions and outcomes sufficient to guide phenotypic and mutational studies. It has a user-friendly interface, which can be easily accessed by researchers to manipulate the key elements and parameters in the system for guard cell simulation in plants. To promote the adoption of this OnGuard application, here we outline a standard protocol that will enable users with experience in basic plant physiology, cell biology, and membrane transport to advance quickly in learning to use it.
Highlights
Stomata are small pores in the leaf epidermis of plants providing the major pathway for gas exchange (Hetherington and Woodward, 2003)
OnGuard Analysis Stomatal Dynamics phenomenological models focusing on a limited number of environmental factors that affect stomatal movement
These models have been successfully applied in the prediction of gas exchange in how plants respond to environmental changes
Summary
Stomata are small pores in the leaf epidermis of plants providing the major pathway for gas exchange (Hetherington and Woodward, 2003). They are regulated by pairs of guard cells to balance the demands for CO2 in photosynthesis against foliar water loss via transpiration. Most of them are empirical or OnGuard Analysis Stomatal Dynamics phenomenological models focusing on a limited number of environmental factors that affect stomatal movement. These models have been successfully applied in the prediction of gas exchange in how plants respond to environmental changes. The lack of essential “macromicro” connections to molecular and cellular mechanics hinders the insightful understanding of stomatal regulation and its broader agricultural, plant biological, and ecological applications
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