Optimized production, Pb(II) adsorption and characterization of alkali modified hydrochar from sugarcane bagasse

Mohamad Ebrahim Malool,Jalal Shayegan,Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01825-y

Mohamad Ebrahim Malool, Jalal Shayegan + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01825-y

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Abstract

Today, sugarcane bagasse (SB) is used for bioethanol and biodiesel production, energy generation, and adsorbent synthesis. The goal of this project is to determine the optimized conditions for producing adsorbent from sugarcane bagasse using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and KOH activation. To optimize process parameters such as reaction temperature, residence time, ZnCl2/SB mixing ratios, and water/SB mixing ratios, response surface methodology was used. The results revealed that the optimum modified adsorption occurred at 180 °C, 11.5 h, a water to biomass ratio of (5:1), and a ZnCl2 to precursor ratio of (3.5:1). The physicochemical features of optimum activated hydrochar were investigated, as well as batch adsorption experiments. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model were found to fit the experimental results in batch adsorption studies [{q}_{max}=90.1 (mg/g)]. Thermodynamic experiments further confirmed the spontaneous and exothermic adsorption mechanism.

Highlights

IntroductionAgricultural biomass waste is made up of organic substances created by humans in agricultural activities
The main purpose of this study is to look into the optimized process parameters for Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of BG based on adsorption capacity and hydrochar yields for the first time
The modified adsorption capacity (MAC) of activated hydrochar (AHC) increases from 6.70 ± 0.42 to 53.56 ± 1.98, indicating that HTC parameters had a significant impact on adsorption capacity and yield

Summary

Introduction

Agricultural biomass waste is made up of organic substances created by humans in agricultural activities This waste can be used as a raw material for the manufacturing of valuable products such as fuels, biogas, and adsorbents due to its abundance and availability[1,2]. Today hydrothermal carbonization is used as a green technology for biomass waste management to create valuable materials such as adsorbents. Water works as a solvent medium, reactant, and catalyst in the HTC process because to the changing physicochemical properties of water at elevated temperatures (ionization strength and dielectric constant). It contributes to waste biomass hydrolysis and cleavage[7,8]. Because HC has a lower oxygen to hydrogen and hydrogen to carbon ratio (O/H and H/C)

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