Abstract
Since renewable energy resource is universally accepted as a promising method to solve the global energy problem, optimal planning and utilization of various distributed generators (DG) and energy storage (ES) devices deserve special concern. ES devices possess various characteristics in power density, energy density, response speed (switching speed) and lifetime. Besides, as different load types have various requirements on power supply reliability according to their importance, coordinated planning with consideration of reasonable matching between power source and load can efficiently improve power supply reliability and economic efficiency via a customized power supply and compensation strategy. This paper focuses on optimization of power source capacity in microgrid and a coordinated planning strategy is proposed with integrated consideration of characteristics of DG, ES and load. An index named additional compensation ratio (ACR) for balancing economic efficiency and reliability is proposed and considered in the strategy. The objective function which aims to minimize life cycle cost (LCC) is established considering economic efficiency, reliability and environmental conservation. The proposed planning strategy and optimizing model is calculated and verified through case study of an autonomy microgrid.
Highlights
With the increasing demand on energy resources, human society is confronted with significant issues including fossil resource exhaustion, climate change and pollutant emission
Sci. 2016, 6, 416 control strategy [5,6,7,8,9,10], energy management systems [11,12,13,14,15,16,17], marketing policies [18,19,20,21] and system design [22,23,24,25,26,27], this paper mainly focuses on the optimal sizing of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), especially the capacity of energy storage (ES) devices in MG
The optimal planning scheme is obtained at additional compensation ratio (ACR) = 0.4818, and the cost will increase whether the ACR value is too small or too high
Summary
With the increasing demand on energy resources, human society is confronted with significant issues including fossil resource exhaustion, climate change and pollutant emission. Power outage longer than 200 ms is not acceptable for extremely important load (level 1 load); fast-respond energy compensation devices shall be utilized to ensure uninterrupted power supply In this aspect, characteristics including power/energy density, efficiency and self-discharge rate are already discussed in existing works on power source sizing of microgrid, the respond speed or switching time of various compensation devices, including ES and diesel generator, are seldom considered. The paper focuses on the source–load matching mechanism with analysis on economic loss caused by power outage, and a capacity planning strategy considering combinations of ES devices is proposed and an ACR index is used for balancing economic efficiency and reliability.
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