Abstract
This research, which aims to find the best constant current, constant voltage parameters for charging a battery in the quickest time possible, subjects battery cells to varied charging and discharge rates in order to determine their rate capabilities. Cycling the cells using constant current, constant voltage charge in 60 minutes and 90 minutes discharge for 400 cycles examines the effects of the charging current Charge Rate and the voltage limit for the constant voltage on the battery's discharge capacity. The results obtained showed that 1.3C-rate and 4.3V voltage limit produced the utmost discharge capacity and cycle life. During the cycling period, the cell temperature was under 39°C with a capacity loss after 400 cycles of 8%. A 3 percent capacity gain was seen after charging the batteries using the cccv methodology for 180 minutes and then discharging them for 120 minutes. This low capacity loss after 400 cycles suggests that an optimal charging model employing the cccv protocol is possible.
Highlights
The charging time is a major issue for all Lithium Ion Battery applications, mobile electronics and electric mobility [1]
Every equipment or machine that runs on batteries has a usage time that is proportional to the amount of stored electrical energy within the battery's cells. [2,3]
The battery cells are subjected to Constant Current Constant Voltage (CCCV) protocol charging at C-rate of C/3 to 4.4V; after which it was subjected to a discharge at increasing C-rates of C/5, C/2, C, 2C, 2.7C and 3.8C to 2.5V
Summary
The charging time is a major issue for all Lithium Ion Battery applications, mobile electronics and electric mobility [1]. Rapid charging using Constant Current Constant Voltage (CCCV) protocol has been proposed to improve the charging time of batteries to at least 60mins for 100% gain in the state of charge. The challenge faced when attempting to reduce the charging time of batteries to 60mins and below is active material degradation, Lithium metal plating at the anode and temperature rise [5,6,7]. Rapid charging using CCCV protocol involves two distinctive phases, the CC phase with time tcc and the CV phase with time tcv. This gives the total charging time Tc as.
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