Abstract
This paper presents a new Fuel Cell Fuel Consumption Minimization Strategy (FCFCMS) for Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) powered by a fuel cell and an energy storage system, in order to minimize as much as possible the consumption of hydrogen while maintaining the State Of Charge (SOC) of the battery. Compared to existing Energy Management Strategies (EMSs) (such as the well-known State Machine Strategy (SMC), Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Frequency Decoupling and FLC (FDFLC), and the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS)), the proposed strategy increases the overall vehicle energy efficiency and, therefore, minimizes the total hydrogen consumption while respecting the constraints of each energy and power element. A model of a hybrid vehicle has been built using the TruckMaker/MATLAB software. Using the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS), which includes several stops and accelerations, the performance of the proposed strategy has been compared with these different approaches (SMC, FLC, FDFLC, and ECMS) through several simulations.
Highlights
As the levels of air pollution caused by the consumption of fossil fuels reach alarming levels, a less polluting fuel source is being considered
The State Of Charge (SOC), H2 consumption, and overall efficiency on the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) profile achieved with the Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) are presented in Figures 15–19 for the Energy Management Strategies (EMSs) based on SMC, Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Frequency Decoupling and FLC (FDFLC), Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS), and Fuel Cell Fuel Consumption Minimization Strategy (FCFCMS), respectively
In order to properly carry out this task, the work was divided into the following steps: (i) the definition of the main formulas that govern the operation of the system components, namely: the Fuel Cell (FC), the ES, the vehicle and its powertrain; (ii) the modeling of the hybrid vehicle; (iii) the implementation of the control strategies
Summary
As the levels of air pollution caused by the consumption of fossil fuels reach alarming levels, a less polluting fuel source is being considered. In the last few decades, there has been much research on new transport solutions due to the emission reduction objectives, among which Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) based on FCs are becoming an attractive technology Energy management in these vehicles allows for improved fuel economy (hydrogen in this case), which is a very promising solution due to its high mass and volume energy density compared to other polluting sources such as gasoline and diesel. The use of hydrogen in a running vehicle poses problems: the need for a storage system, the power electronics converters, the choice of the traction motor, and the management of the energy flows This latter corresponds to the subject of study proposed in this paper, which aims to improve the consumption of the fuel while respecting the constraints imposed by the sources.
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