Abstract
Lightning protection for blades is one of the most important factors for the safe operation of wind turbines. In view of the differences in the designs of blade receptors, a full-scale blade receptor model was constructed on the basis of the scaling experiment of the wind turbine and electrostatic field theory. By combining the electromagnetic finite element analysis with leader discharge theory, this study analyzed and discussed the influence of the protruding height of receptors and the design of receptor types on the lightning receiving effect of the blade, and the optimum design scheme of blade receptors was proposed. According to the results of this study, the field intensity distribution on the surface of the receptor was a high-boundary and low-middle structure. The receptor easily produced an upward connection leader as the lighting junction. The electric field intensity around the receptor was substantially distorted after 4 mm protrusion, which was approximately twice the electric field intensity of a flat right-angle receptor. The convex chamfer had multiple centralized lightning stroke points compared with the convex right-angle design, thereby exhibiting better solidification and reliability at the lightning stroke area, which are conducive to protecting the blade from lightning damage. The electric field intensity of the convex fillet was similar to the chamfer, but the radius of the electric field intensity of the convex fillet was small, and the attenuation of the electric field intensity with the radius was evident. This study provides a reference for further optimization design of blade receptors.
Highlights
In the 21st century, the shortage of fossil energy has become a prominent global issue
The 2019, A-type blade receptor was flat with a blade surface; it was tentatively designated as the
Toaround verify the difference between difference between thesedesignated types of blade receptors, the field distribution them was solved via these types of blade receptors, theanalysis
Summary
In the 21st century, the shortage of fossil energy has become a prominent global issue. Developing wind power, a renewable energy source, contributes to alleviating the shortage of fossil energy while protecting the ecological environment and implementing sustainable development [1,2]. As the capacity of wind turbines has increased gradually, their blade length has increased from 20 m to 80 m and the hub heights from 90 m to 150 m, reaching a total height of 150 m to 200 m, thereby increasing the risk of lightning stroke on wind turbines [3]. Of shutdown accidents caused by the lightning striking on offshore wind turbines in Japan can be attributes to blade damage [4,5]. In German wind farms, the annual lightning accident rate of every. 100 wind turbines is approximately 10%, among which the main damaged parts are blades [6].
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