Abstract
Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPAs) are regarded as one of the candidate optical amplifiers for future ultralong-distance, large-capacity, and high-speed optical fiber communication systems. FOPAs provide high signal gain and low noise figures compared with other optical amplifiers. However, they suffer from gain fluctuation, which restricts commercial application. Optimization of the dispersion parameters of highly nonlinear fibers (HNLFs) employed as gain media is essential because they have an immediate impact on the flatness of the amplifier. An optimization method for multiple HNLF segments using the differential evolution algorithm is proposed to minimize spectral gain variation. We theoretically yield an FOPA with an average signal gain of 20 dB and gain fluctuation
Highlights
With the development of optical fiber communication systems, increasing demand has been placed on the performance of optical fiber amplifiers.[1]
It is well known that the shape of the parametric gain spectrum is determined by the dispersion properties of the highly nonlinear fibers (HNLFs)
We propose an optimization method for a single-pump Fiber optical parametric amplifiers (FOPAs) with multiple HNLF segments based on the differential evolution (DE) algorithm
Summary
With the development of optical fiber communication systems, increasing demand has been placed on the performance of optical fiber amplifiers.[1]. For an ordinary FOPA, it is difficult to obtain all outstanding gain characteristics at the same time. It was demonstrated that a signal gain of 20 dB at 2-THz wavelength bandwidth could be achieved using a single-pump FOPA; the gain spectrum suffers from serious gain differences as large as 10 dB.[9] a single-pump FOPA faces severe challenges in providing a high and flat gain spectrum over a broad wavelength range.[10] To address this issue, many configurations have been designed to ensure low signal gain variation.[11,12,13] Among them, designs for the control of the dispersion characteristic of a nonlinear interacting media, such as highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF), have received the maximum attention. Obtaining the best parameter sets of HNLFs is complicated and time-consuming, as a
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