Abstract
In this work, an optimized structure for an all-optical XOR gate with high contrast ratio and extremely compact dimension is proposed based on a photonic crystal platform. The above structure employs silicon rods in a hexagonal lattice configuration. The design works purely on linear interference effect between the incoming light signals without utilizing any non-linear materials. To study the propagation of light within the structure and to generate the bandgap diagram, the Finite Difference Time Domain technique and Plane Wave Expansion methods are utilized. After optimization of the various design parameters, a contrast ratio of 31.76 dB is attained by the proposed structure along with a response time of 0.46 ps and a footprint of 42.24 μm2. The device can be operated in the C Band with optimum performance at 1550 nm, which is the telecommunication wavelength. The operating bit rate for the proposed structure is 2.17 Tbps. The all-optical XOR gate plays a crucial role as the building blocks of various sequential and combinational logic designs suitable for application in optical computing and telecommunication systems.
Highlights
Recent advances in technology calls for ultra-high speed data transmission with low latencies to keep up with the user demands
Photonic crystal platforms are gaining a lot of attention owing to their fascinating features like high integration capability with existing electro-optic as well as optical integrated circuits, flexibility in design, ultra-compact dimensions, wide operating bandwidth, high speed and low power consumption [19]
Lower response times and smaller dimensions are preferred for high-speed operation and easy integration with optical integrated circuits (OICs)
Summary
Recent advances in technology calls for ultra-high speed data transmission with low latencies to keep up with the user demands. Several methods have been utilized to implement these gates such as using non-linear ring resonators [10], Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOA) [11], non-linear directional couplers [12], Highly Non-Linear Fibers [13], photonic crystals [14], plasmonic slot waveguides [15] and quantum dot SOA [16] Most of these designs lack chip level integration capability due to bulky dimensions and flexibility issues [17]. Photonic crystal platforms are gaining a lot of attention owing to their fascinating features like high integration capability with existing electro-optic as well as optical integrated circuits, flexibility in design, ultra-compact dimensions, wide operating bandwidth, high speed and low power consumption [19]. Interference effect based all-optical logic gates enable compact and power efficient designs with high compatibility for advanced optical integrated circuits
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