Abstract
With the development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, electric vehicles (EVs) are not only a promising transportation solution, but also can be used as mobile energy storage and spinning reserves, which play an important role in building-integrated energy systems (BIESs) and can further promote energy efficiency. Considering the space-time characteristics of EVs and the room temperature demand, this study establishes a planning model using V2G technology to minimize daily dispatch cost. Four kinds of control modes were proposed, combining the technology of the resident-owned and staff-owned EVs, in combination with the internal heating and power supply system. In this paper, the operating state of the system and the interaction of the equipment are analyzed under different charging and discharging control modes of EVs. The economics of the microgrid of the comprehensive energy building under four control modes are also discussed. Simulation results indicate that the combined control mode of residential vehicle and office vehicle is optimal for building an integrated energy microgrid, and the room temperature requirements can also be used as an important income source for building the microgrid.
Highlights
An integrated energy system (IES) is a configuration of different energy sources connected to the energy network
The building-integrated energy system (BIES), as the terminal of the IES, normally contains a microgrid consisting of renewable power sources, combined cooling heating and power (CCHP), energy storage devices (ESDs) and electric vehicle charging stations [3]
Since waste-gas-driven cooling and heating equipment does not supply big users, waste heat boilers are normally adopted in CCHP systems, while lithium bromide absorption refrigerators are utilized as cooling devices
Summary
An integrated energy system (IES) is a configuration of different energy sources connected to the energy network. The building-integrated energy system (BIES), as the terminal of the IES, normally contains a microgrid consisting of renewable power sources, combined cooling heating and power (CCHP), energy storage devices (ESDs) and electric vehicle charging stations [3]. To achieve the maximum exploitation of renewable energy and reduce the operation cost of the BIES, the microgrid operation scheme needs to be optimized by coordinating among the different units within the microgrid. Effective control of EVs can relieve the dependency of the BIES on the main power grid, improving demand-side flexibility and reducing costs. Reference [18] proposed a charging strategy for EVs, which effectively reduce the operational cost of a microgrid and increased the accepting capability of PV.
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