Abstract
This paper chooses car travel and bus travel as the research objects, establishes a dual-mode equilibrium model based on the bottleneck model, and compares the travel characteristics of the no-toll and fine-toll schemes. We find that the fine-toll scheme can eliminate the queuing time at the bottleneck, but it also increases the congestion risk cost of bus travel. In order to eliminate the queuing time at the bottleneck and reduce the congestion risk cost of bus travel without increasing the car travel cost and bus travel cost, we propose an optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity and analyze its travel characteristics theoretically. Through the numerical example, we calculate and analyze the equilibrium results of no-toll scheme, fine-toll scheme, and optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity. The results indicate that the optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity can help travelers to choose a reasonable travel mode and travel time to travel in the rush hour.
Highlights
It is a worldwide management problem to change the phenomenon of traffic congestion in the rush hour
Comparing formulas (21) and (37), we can know that the congestion risk cost of bus travel under the optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity is smaller than that of the fine-toll scheme. is reflects that appropriately increasing the bus departure quantity in the rush hour can effectively reduce the congestion risk cost of bus travel
Comparing formulas (16), (20), and (38), we can find that the system total travel cost under the optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity is smaller than that of the fine-toll scheme and the no-toll scheme. is reflects that the optimization scheme of fine toll and bus departure quantity can help travelers to choose a reasonable travel mode and travel time to travel in the rush hour
Summary
It is a worldwide management problem to change the phenomenon of traffic congestion in the rush hour. Lin and Yang [36] assumed that the car and bus travel on the same bottleneck road and the transportation capacity of bus is limited, proposed a travel-mode equilibrium model under the condition of mixed traffic, and pointed out that the fine-toll scheme can eliminate the queuing time, but greatly increase the congestion risk cost of bus travel. Aiming at this problem, we try to guide some car travelers to choose bus travel by the fine toll and reduce the congestion risk cost of bus travel by optimizing the bus departure quantity.
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