Optimization of Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) of Kinsenoside Compound from Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl by Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Biyun Yang,Lihui Zeng,Haiyong Weng,Yong Xu,Mengyuan Zhang

doi:10.3390/molecules25010193

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to establish an extraction method for the kinsenoside compound from the whole plant Anoectochilus roxburghii. Ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method were used to extract and determine the content of kinsenoside, while response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the extraction process. The best possible range for methanol concentration (0–100%), the liquid-solid ratio (5:1–30:1 mL/g), ultrasonic power (240–540 W), duration of ultrasound (10–50 min), ultrasonic temperature (10–60 °C), and the number of extractions (1–4) were obtained according to the single factor experiments. Then, using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) of response surface analysis, the optimum extraction conditions were obtained with 16.33% methanol concentration, the liquid-solid ratio of 10.83:1 mL/g and 35.00 °C ultrasonic temperature. Under these conditions, kinsenoside extraction yield reached 32.24% dry weight. The best conditions were applied to determine the kinsenoside content in seven different cultivation ages in Anoectochilus roxburghii.

Highlights

Anoectochilus roxburghii, a traditional herb used in China for medicinal and culinary purposes, grows in the wet place under the evergreen broadleaved or bamboo forest, which contains several bioactive compounds, such as kinsenoside, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and glycosides [1,2,3].Among those, kinsenoside (3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(3R)-hydroxy butanolide) is a major compound of A. roxburghii [1,3]
Before optimizing the extraction method using the Box-Behnken-response surface method (RSM) methodology, a methanol extract was prepared using the method reported by Zhang et al [36] and analyzed by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-MS to determine the content of kinsenoside compound as reported by Luo et al [25]
20% of methanol concentration, the liquid-solid ratio of 15:1 mL/g, 40 ◦ C of extraction temperature was selected as the central point in Box-Behnken design (BBD)

Summary

Introduction

Anoectochilus roxburghii (hereafter shortened as A. roxburghii), a traditional herb used in China for medicinal and culinary purposes, grows in the wet place under the evergreen broadleaved or bamboo forest, which contains several bioactive compounds, such as kinsenoside, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and glycosides [1,2,3].Among those, kinsenoside (3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(3R)-hydroxy butanolide) is a major compound of A. roxburghii [1,3]. Anoectochilus roxburghii (hereafter shortened as A. roxburghii), a traditional herb used in China for medicinal and culinary purposes, grows in the wet place under the evergreen broadleaved or bamboo forest, which contains several bioactive compounds, such as kinsenoside, polysaccharides, flavonoids, and glycosides [1,2,3]. Researchers have found that kinsenoside had a different multiple pharmacologic activity compared with polysaccharide and flavonoids [5,6,7,8]. As a potential immunosuppressive drug for autoimmune hepatitis, it has a vascular protective effect under high glucose conditions and has been found to enhance the oxidative resistance of diabetic mice [9,10,11]. As the Molecules 2020, 25, 193; doi:10.3390/molecules25010193 www.mdpi.com/journal/molecules

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Conclusion