Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsification of Emollient Nanoemulsions of Seed Oil of Passiflora edulis var. edulis

Caterine Guzmán,Maritza Adelina Rojas,Marcela Aragón

doi:10.3390/cosmetics8010001

Abstract

Passiflora edulis var. edulis is a plant of commercial interest because of it fruits. The seeds, a by-product in the food industry, can be a source of oil for cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The aims of this work were to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted emulsification conditions for o/w nanoemulsions and to evaluate the emollient activity of the seed oil. The optimum emulsification conditions were established, using the response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The emollient activity of seed oil of P. edulis var. edulis was evaluated with healthy volunteers using a cutometer for skin moisture and viscoelasticity measurements. The optimal formulation variables (85.34 W of ultrasonic power, 5.96 irradiation time, 70.65% water and a 5:4 oil:surfactant ratio), resulted in considerable improvement in the properties of the ultrasonically formulated nanoemulsions. Finally, the seed oil of P. edulis var. edulis and the nanoemulsion generated by ultrasound presented emollient activity.

Highlights

The widespread use of oils from plant seeds in cosmetic formulations is due to the composition of these oils, which are rich in fatty acids and triglycerides that help reduce the loss of transepidermal water by forming an occlusive film [1]
The seeds of P. edulis var. edulis were manually separated from the pulp, and were washed with distilled water, to eliminate all pulp residues
Our results show that the vehicle, PEO and PEO nanoemulsions increased the viscoelasticity of the stratum corneum, modifying the biomechanical properties of the skin (Figure 11)

Summary

Introduction

The widespread use of oils from plant seeds in cosmetic formulations is due to the composition of these oils, which are rich in fatty acids and triglycerides that help reduce the loss of transepidermal water by forming an occlusive film [1]. Cocos nucifera (Arecaceae), and sunflower oil Helianthus annuus (Compositae), which prevent the loss of transepidermal water, a very important factor in the maintenance of skin emollience [1]. Nanoemulsions are kinetically stable, isotropically clear dispersions of two immiscible liquids with droplets in the range of 20–200 nm. They are translucent or transparent, and have high kinetic stability. Taking into account that different lipids can be used in the design of nanoemulsions, the influence of the physicochemical properties of the oil on the physical properties of the emulsified system should be considered [3]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion