Abstract
Chromolaena odorata L. or C. odorata is a weed that found in tropical continents . Leaves, roots and flowers of C. odorata have been used as medicinal plants for centuries. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the chemical composition of its extracts having phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins and steroids. The total phenolic compounds (TPC) in medicinal plants are acknowledged as biochemical activities such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant agents and etc. This work is interested in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of C. odorata leaves. Though, many solvents can be used to extract TPC from plants. Ethanol with ultrasound assisted extraction was selected. The response surface methodology coupled with the nonlinear solver were used to find the optimal extraction variables. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed as the sampling technique. Three variables are the ratio of ethanol to the dried leaves of C. odorata (X1), aqueous ethanol concentration (X2), and the extraction time (X3). The extraction conditions were fixed at 40 kHz and 60 ˚C. The maximum yield of TPC was 111.77 mg GAE/g dry extract at 57 % v/v of aqueous ethanol concentration, 43 mL of solvent/g of dried sample and 35 minutes extraction time.
Highlights
Chromolaena odorata L. or C. odorata with several common names i.e. Siam weed, Bitter bush, Christmas bush, Devil weed, and Camphor grass, is a weed in the sunflower family, Asteraceae, that found in tropical continents
This study found that the polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity was significantly (p < 0.05) affected by vessel diameter—6 cm (X1), sample to solvent ratio— 1:28.42 g/mL (X2) and extraction temperature—37.11 oC (X3)
The results of regression analysis show that main effects of ratio of solvent to material (x1), ethanol concentration (x2), and extraction time (x3), and pure interaction of ethanol concentration have significant impact on the total phenolic compounds (TPC) extraction yield
Summary
Chromolaena odorata L. or C. odorata with several common names i.e. Siam weed, Bitter bush, Christmas bush, Devil weed, and Camphor grass, is a weed in the sunflower family, Asteraceae, that found in tropical continents. It is a fast-growing perennial and invasive weed. Roots and flowers of C. odorata have been used as medicinal plants for centuries .In Thailand, young leaves are crushed by hands and the resulting liquid can be used to treat skin wounds and blood coagulation. The total phenolic compounds (TPC) in medicinal plants are largely acknowledged as biochemical activities such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, anti carcinogenic and especially antioxidant agents. This work is interested in antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of an ethanolic extract of C. odorata leaves
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