Abstract

We report the optimization of Ti:LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> optical waveguides and directional coupler switches for the 1.56 μm wavelength. Total fiber-coupled insertion loss as low as 2.2 dB was achieved with diffusion conditions allowing a low switching voltage in Ti : LiNbO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> directional coupler switches.

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