Optimization of the ultrasound-assisted aqueous enzymatic extraction of Pinus koraiensis nuts oil by response surface methodology

Abstract

Response surfaces methodology was established in order to optimize ultrasound-assisted aqueous alkaline protease extraction parameters of Pinus koraiensis nuts oil (PNO) in this short communication. On the oil yield, the impacts of single factors were studied. The solid–liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, enzyme hydrolysis temperature, and enzyme hydrolysis duration were chosen for further optimization of the extraction process utilizing a Box–Behnken design based on statistical significance analysis. Under ideal extraction conditions, a maximum oil recovery of 68.35% was achieved: solid–liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, enzyme hydrolysis temperature, and enzyme hydrolysis duration were 1:5 (g/mL), 3.23 mg/g, 44 °C, and 2.84 h, respectively. Furthermore, physicochemical properties testing revealed that the oil was of higher quality than other approaches. Meanwhile, the DPPH radical-scavenging activities increased with increased content compared to olive oil, with an IC50 value of 0.082 mg/mL. The method has a lot of potential when it comes to extracting oils from plants.