Optimization of the Performance and Emissions of a Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine Using LPG as the Fuel

Abstract

In this work, the diesel engine was changed into a dual-fuel engine. Experiments were carried out on this engine using diesel as fuel along with various flow rates of LPG at various loads. The engine parameters were optimized using Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis (TGRA), Regression Analysis (RA) using JAYA algorithm and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS) using JAYA algorithm. In order to optimize the Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and emissions (Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and smoke) of the engine, the Taguchi grey relational analysis was employed for Injection Pressure (IP), LPG Flow Rate, Brake Power of the engine. Relational Analysis (RA) was used to develop the functional relationship between the various operational parameters of the engine. The model’s R2 was 0.9818. This regression equation is considered as fitness function in JAYA algorithm with maximization of GRG as objective function. The optimum solution obtained for an Injection Pressure of 190 bar, LPG Flow Rate of 1LPM and BP of 1.13kW using JAYA algorithm with regression model as fitness function. ANFIS based model predicts diesel engine performance and emissions while using LPG as a supplementary fuel. The developed model forecasts braking power (BP), fuel injection pressure, and LPG flow rate on anticipated outputs (BTE, HC, CO NOx, and smoke). According to the results of the performance evaluation, the ANFIS projected data was consistent with the experimental data, with an overall correlation coefficient of 0.99415. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) score was determined to be 1.4498 percent, while the root mean square error (RMSE) score was judged to be within acceptable margins of accuracy. The developed model was able to consistently simulate actual engine parameters, even when operating in completely different experimental modes. Thus, it offered a comprehensive and strong predictive platform, enabling a given dual fuel to be employed in real-time optimization techniques. The optimum operating conditions are found to be 194.32 bar injection pressure, 1 LPM LPG flowrate and 1.13 BP with 0.835084 Optimum GRG.