Abstract
The method of natural-technical system (NTS) “Iron ore deposits” optimal control in terms of the pit walls stability is based on two-level systems with cross-links. The algorithm for optimizing the pit walls angles designed values includes the following steps: separation of rock massif into engineering-geological complexes (EGC), typing of the pit walls within the EGC, substantiation of the calculation geomechanical models and stability analysis of the pit walls based on mathematical modeling. Based on the results of the calculations the maximum angle of the pit wall is determined at which it remains stable. As minimized performance criteria the deviations of the stability factors current state from the maximum allowable values are considered. The proposed approach is one of the ways to ensure the stability of the deep-pit quarries walls during their long-term development.
Highlights
The development of iron ore deposits and permanent deepening of the open pit leads to changes in the stress state, decompaction of rocks, an increase in massif fracture, weathering rates and a decrease in the strength properties of rocks that form the open pit, activation of geological processes: debris, rock falls, landslips and landslides, suffusion, surface erosion
The azimuth of crack systems fall does not coincide with the azimuth of the pit wall fall, but at the same time according to the kinematic analysis results the formation of wedge-type collapses is likely. In this case the pit wall stability problem is solved in a three-dimensional formulation, for example using the method of volume blocks
The obtained results are in good agreement with the generally accepted ideas about the causes of stability infraction in the massif zones near the pit walls
Summary
The development of iron ore deposits and permanent deepening of the open pit leads to changes in the stress state, decompaction of rocks, an increase in massif fracture, weathering rates and a decrease in the strength properties of rocks that form the open pit, activation of geological processes: debris, rock falls, landslips and landslides, suffusion, surface erosion. The considered natural-technical system “Ore deposits of KMA” is a complex system of the local level. The functioning of the local NTS “Iron Ore Quarry” is characterized by: a certain set of processes developing permanently without the stabilization stage under the influence of long-term man-made interactions which form the basis of the NTS operation. Research objective: optimization of the NTS “iron ore quarry” management based on the algorithm of the rock mass stability ensuring. Optimization of the NTS “Iron Ore Quarry” Management 467 Reduction of negative consequences is possible only with a clear understanding of the processes developing in the field of interaction of naturaltechnical systems (NTS) “mining and processing plant (GOK”) (Yarg et al 2018).
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