Abstract
In the present paper, the residues of the plantain starch extraction process are proposed as an adsorbent to remove Cr (VI) in a continuous fixed bed-system, varying the temperature in 33, 40, 55, 70 y 76 °C and bed height in the range of 15.5, 30, 65, 100, 114.5 mm. The adsorbent material was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The Cr (VI) solution at 100 ppm had contact with the column by gravity, with a flow rate of 0.75 mL/s at the different working conditions. At the end of the process, the residual concentration of the metal was measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy using the standard method for the determination of Cr (VI) in water ASTM D1687-17. From the results, it was established that the bioadsorbent has the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methyl functional groups and that the adsorption process is controlled by electrostatic interactions; the variables evaluated had a significant influence on the process because applying the RSM methodology it was observed that the optimal operating conditions are 81.49 mm of bed height and temperature of 68 ºC. Based on the behavior of the rupture curve, it was found that the bio-material has the potential to be used as a filler in an adsorption column with the purpose of remove Cr (VI).
Highlights
The contamination of water bodies with heavy metals is one of the most important problems in society and has been addressed by different control entities and researchers [1,2]
This study proposes the possibility of taking advantage of the residual biomass from the process of obtaining plantain starch, as a Cr (VI) adsorbent from synthetic waters that simulates the concentration of the metal ions understudied, present in the wastewater; which has become important as a food alternative, among other applications, compared to other starches; keeping in mind that starch is used in different sectors of the industry, especially in food; the textile, paper, bioplastics, Revista Facultad de Ingeniería
The characteristics of the biomass that facilitate the process of Cr (VI) adsorption are evaluated by assessing the effect that the bed height in the packed column has and the effect that the temperature variation in the aqueous solutions generates on this adsorption
Summary
The contamination of water bodies with heavy metals is one of the most important problems in society and has been addressed by different control entities and researchers [1,2] Among these pollutants, chromium is one of the most toxic; it is normally found in rocks, animals, plants and soil. Diverse methods have been applied to reduce its presence in water, like chemical precipitation, ion exchange, solvent extraction, membrane processes, electrodialysis, phytoextraction, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and adsorption [1214] These methods present limitations when working at trace levels, involving the use of expensive reagents, energy requirements, sludge generation, and operating expenses; the adsorption technique emerges as a viable alternative because it is an efficient and low-cost method [12, 15]. The characteristics of the biomass that facilitate the process of Cr (VI) adsorption are evaluated by assessing the effect that the bed height in the packed column has and the effect that the temperature variation in the aqueous solutions generates on this adsorption
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