Abstract
The article presents the functions of the relay valve and its place in brake systems of rail vehicles. The relay valve were divided according to their type, the structure and principle of their operation were discussed, and examples of rail vehicles and modules in which relay valves are installed are presented. Because of their function in braking systems the relay valves should be characterized by high reliability and correct carrying out the tasks in the braking system of rail vehicles. The article describes selected structural factors affecting the operation of the relay valve and which are important for ensuring the safety of train traffic. Such factors are the lubricants used in the relay valves and the way of controlling it simultaneously with two signals with the function of an alternative that eliminates unreliable elements of the braking system. The analysis of the test results of the lubricant parameters and the testing of the relay valves on the test bench showed that the correctness of the relay valves depends essentially on the properties of the lubricant used, especially at low temperatures. On the basis of the tests carried out, a grease was selected that at low temperatures meets the criteria for correct and reliable operation of relay valves in rail vehicles. In terms of the control method, a comparison of two control signal delivery systems to the relay valve has been made, a new design solution is presented that ensures greater operational reliability and thus greater safety of the train traffic.
Highlights
The braking system is an indispensable element of every vehicle
The article presents the exemplary of tests results carried out on the relay valve and describes relations between selected structural factors affecting the parameters it achieves, which have a direct impact on the maintaining of train traffic safety
Every effort should be made to ensure that every element of the vehicle responsible for safety works with the greatest certainty and has a high reliability factor
Summary
It is used to reduce speed and stop the vehicle, especially in an emergency situation, in the shortest possible time and with the greatest certainty It is one of the basic vehicle systems and a key system in terms of ensuring safety for vehicle users as well as for people and objects in their surroundings. For the proper functioning of entire braking system in every vehicle, which is a part of the train set, there must be the suitable apparatus on it that receives the signals about braking or releasing of the brakes and standardized actuators in order to obtain similar braking performance of all wagons on the train This applies to the most responsible braking devices, such as the distributor valve and the relay valve or relay valves of brake cylinders, emergency braking accelerator, weighing valve and anti-slip system [4]. Two (multi) input relay valve type D Relay valve (type A, B or C) with two (or more) input pressure, controling a single output pressure
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