Abstract
Objectives: This paper deals with the reduction of THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) in the voltage output waveform of a four-stage monophasic cascaded multilevel inverter with Multiple-Carrier Sine Pulse Width Modulation (MCSPWM) using the Simulated Annealing Optimization (SAO) technique. Method: The SAO algorithm was employed to calculate the appropriate firing angles for the switching devices of the inverter by mean of finding the best symmetry of the triangular wave, its frequency and the amplitude of the sine wave used in the modulation through of MATLAB. The monophasic multilevel inverter was simulated and evaluated using de SAO algorithm, then, a prototype was implemented for validating the results. Findings: The output waveform of the converter for multiple scenarios, the graphic of the harmonic content and the optimized modulation parameters were obtained in both the simulation and the prototype. The Simulated Annealing algorithm allowed to find the appropriate firing angles for the four-stage multilevel inverter, adjusting the optimal parameters of triangular and sine signals used in MCSPWM modulation, leading to obtaining a low harmonic content in the output waveform (THD less than 5%), using a low number of switching devices. Novelty/Improvement: The proposed technique (Simulated Annealing) permits to find the optimal parameters of modulation waveforms through a heuristic approach avoids the possible issues with local minima. Also, the method applied optimizes the number of necessary switching devices. Keywords: Multilevel Inverter, Multiple Carrier SPWM, Simulated Annealing, THD
Highlights
The conversion of DC power supplies as batteries, photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, among others, in an AC source is a necessary process that requires the use of DC/AC converter circuits with high efficiency
The general idea of multilevel inverters consists in a large number of switching devices based on power semiconductors such as MOSFET transistors, which convert the electrical energy provided by DC voltage sources into small steps, achieving an AC output waveform with a low THD1,2
Some heuristic based methods (Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated Annealing among others) offer an interesting alternative to find the most appropriate parameters of the sine wave carrier and reference triangular waves because allow to see it as an optimization problem. Various of these methods have been used successfully for conventional H-bridge inverter and multilevel inverter[14,15,16,17,18], we found a lack of interest in the application of Simulated Annealing optimization for multiple-carrier SPWM
Summary
The conversion of DC power supplies as batteries, photovoltaic cells, wind turbines, among others, in an AC source is a necessary process that requires the use of DC/AC converter circuits with high efficiency. There are diverse methods reported in the literature[8,9,10,11,12,13] which search to calculate the commutation patterns for the inverter, but one of the possible issues with these methods is that they need a good initial guess and might not converge at some points By another side, some heuristic based methods (Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization, Simulated Annealing among others) offer an interesting alternative to find the most appropriate parameters of the sine wave carrier and reference triangular waves because allow to see it as an optimization problem. Various of these methods have been used successfully for conventional H-bridge inverter and multilevel inverter[14,15,16,17,18], we found a lack of interest in the application of Simulated Annealing optimization for multiple-carrier SPWM
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