Optimization of Tensile Strength of Butt Joint Weldment on Mild Steel Plate Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

The service life of engineering structure is mostly affected by the quality and strength of the welded joints. Tensile tests are performed for several reasons. The results are used in selecting materials for engineering applications. Tensile properties are frequently included in material specifications to ensure quality. The tests are measured during development of new materials and processes, so that different materials and processes can be compared. The objective of this study is to predict and optimize the tensile strength of a butt joint weldment on mild steel plate using response surface methodology. The response surface methodology was applied to predict and optimize the maximum tensile strength of a butt joint weldment on an I-section mild steel plate using tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process. The mild steel plate was cut into dimension 60mm x 40mm x 10mm with a power hacksaw, grinded and cleaned before the welding process. The experimental matrix was made of twenty (20) runs, generated by the design expert 11.1.0.1 software adopting the central composite design. The response (tensile strength) was measured and then modelled using the response surface methodology. The result obtained show that the current and voltage has a very strong influence on the tensile strength. Based on the findings, the maximum tensile strength of 450Mpa was attained at the welding voltage (V) of 24V, current of 170A and gas flow rate of 13lit/min respectively. This study will serve as a guide to welding operators on parameter settings selection.