Optimization of Sparse Cross Array Synthesis via Perturbed Convex Optimization.

Boxuan Gu,Yaowu Chen,Rongxin Jiang,Xuesong Liu

doi:10.3390/s20174929

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3-D) imaging sonar systems require large planar arrays, which incur hardware costs. In contrast, a cross array consisting of two perpendicular linear arrays can also support 3-D imaging while dramatically reducing the number of sensors. Moreover, the use of an aperiodic sparse array can further reduce the number of sensors efficiently. In this paper, an optimized method for sparse cross array synthesis is proposed. First, the beamforming of a cross array based on a multi-frequency algorithm is simplified for both near-field and far-field. Next, a perturbed convex optimization algorithm is proposed for sparse cross array synthesis. The method based on convex optimization utilizes a first-order Taylor expansion to create position perturbations that can optimize the beam pattern and minimize the number of active sensors. Finally, a cross array with 100 + 100 sensors is employed from which a sparse cross array with 45 + 45 sensors is obtained via the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more effective than existing methods for obtaining optimum results for sparse cross array synthesis in both the near-field and far-field.

Highlights

Real-time 3-D sonar imaging technology is one of the most important innovations in underwater applications in recent years [1,2,3]
The transmitting frequency is set from f 1 to fJ . δ is set from δ1 to δA (−δmin to +δmax )
We compare the sparse array result with those in is determined to be slightly less than the minimum value of wm

Summary

Introduction

Real-time 3-D sonar imaging technology is one of the most important innovations in underwater applications in recent years [1,2,3]. The phased array technology simultaneously generates entire beam intensity signals to obtain real-time 3-D images [4]. In [6], several array configurations were proposed for analysis and comparison These array configurations effectively reduce the number of array sensors. Among these configurations, a cross array with two perpendicular linear arrays has been employed in some sonar systems [7,8]. A cross array with two perpendicular linear arrays has been employed in some sonar systems [7,8]

Methods

Results

Conclusion