Optimization of Sodium Lignosulfonate Treatment on Nylon Fabric Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design for UV Protection

Arun Kumar Singh Gangwar,Prashant Vishnoi,Seiko Jose,D B Shakyawar,Mukesh Kumar Singh

doi:10.2478/aut-2021-0011

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

Ceaseless increase in the emission of greenhouse gases across the globe is the prime cause of deterioration in the ozone layer, and as a consequence of this environmental damage, human beings have come under the danger zone of ultraviolet radiation
The Box–Behnken response surface methodology reveals that LS concentration (A) is the most significant main-effect influencing Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) of the LS-treated nylon fabric
It has been observed that maximum UPF can be achieved with a high level of LS concentration, and a medium level of temperature and pH

Summary

Introduction

Ceaseless increase in the emission of greenhouse gases across the globe is the prime cause of deterioration in the ozone layer, and as a consequence of this environmental damage, human beings have come under the danger zone of ultraviolet radiation. Prolonged exposure of human beings to sunlight causes various dermatological diseases such as photo-aging, mutation of skin cells, and even skin cancer [1]. Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) is a kind of transmission analysis of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) that quantifies exactly how much quantity of it is permitted across the materials. The most important factors influencing UPF of fabric are fiber characteristics, fabric porosity, thickness, and dyeing and finishing chemicals [2, 3]. Many dyes absorb UV, which helps to reduce UV exposure. White fabric having optical whitening agents strongly absorbs UVR [5]. Radiation absorbed by a dye, pigment, delustrant, and UV absorber in the fabric restricts the passage of UVR through the skin, resulting in better sun protection

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