Abstract
The present study reports a new nanocomposite design using surface modified silver nanowires decorated on the surface of polyethyleneimine (PEI), a cationic polymer acting as glue for anchoring nanowires and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The synthesized nanocomposite was employed as a promising electrode material for immobilization of biomolecules and effective transportation of electron, in enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFCs) application. The synthesized nanocomposite was confirmed by analytical techniques, for instance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The electrochemical behaviour of the nanobioelectrocatalysts rGO-PEI/Frt/GOx, rGO-PEI/AgNWs/Frt/GOx, and rGO-PEI/Naph-SH/AgNWs/Frt/GOx was determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The maximum current density obtained by the modified bioanode was found to be 19.9 mA cm−2 at the limiting glucose concentration of 50 mM in PBS (pH 7.0) as supporting electrolyte at a scan rate of 100 mVs−1.
Highlights
A nanocomposite composed of silver nanowires (AgNWs) modified with naphtalenethiol coupling agent decorated on the surface of cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is prepared
The four sharp diffracting peaks of as-synthesized AgNWs in Fig. 2(b) were located at 2Ѳ angle of diffraction, for instance, 38.2°, 44.4°, 64.6° and 77.6° which are in agreement with the (111), (200), (220) and (311) diffractions of face-centered cubic (FCC)[42]
The diffraction peaks found in the synthesized rGO/PEI/AgNWs nanocomposite (Fig. 2c) represent almost all the diffraction peaks as found in each component and the amorphous nature appears due to the presence of PEI49
Summary
A nanocomposite composed of silver nanowires (AgNWs) modified with naphtalenethiol coupling agent decorated on the surface of cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the rGO is prepared. PEI acts as glue for anchoring nanowires assisted by thiol linkage of naphthalene thiol. Apart from it, PEI/AgNWs@ Naph-SH acts as a sandwich between rGO sheet and GOx in the developed biocatalyst rGO/PEI/AgNWs@ Naph-SH/Frt/GOx. modification of AgNWs with a napthalenethiol stabilizing agent makes a protecting covering around the NWs that prevents them from further ionization. The contribution of each component of the synthesized nanocomposite rGO/PEI/AgNWs@Naph-SH plays a significant role in improving the stability of the bioanode by establishing (i) hydrophobic interaction between GOx and the PEI/AgNWs@Naph-SH nanocomposite and (ii) π conjugation between GOx and naphthalenethiol@AgNWs that assist the electron transfer process. Three different types of electrodes; rGO/PEI/Frt/GOx, rGO/PEI/AgNWs/Frt/GOx, and rGO/PEI/AgNWs@Napth-SH/Frt/GOx have been developed and compared to confirm the contribution of each component in enzyme wiring
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