Abstract
Reinforced concrete retaining walls are concrete structures that are built to retain natural soil or fill earth. This study examines the lower cost-optimized design of retaining walls. Recently, a large number of modern optimization techniques were published, but a small number of them were proposed for reinforced concrete retaining walls. The proposed method develops a heuristic optimization approach to achieve the optimal design of these structures. This method simultaneously satisfies all structural, geotechnical, and European Code design restraints while decreasing the total cost of these structures. In order to confirm the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method, characteristic retaining wall examples are demonstrated. Furthermore, the parametric investigation is examined to study the result of pertinent parameters on the minimum-cost static and seismic design of retaining structures.
Highlights
Reinforced concrete retaining walls (RCRW) set up an essential part of infrastructures which are commonly erected for various applications, generally for road and transportation structures, bridge abutments, lifelines, etc
With the intention of minimizing the total cost of RCRW while simultaneously satisfying design constraints, the engineer needs to examine a variety of dimensions and steel reinforcement, making the procedure of design quite tiresome and repetitive
Many research works were recently published to develop heuristic methods to elucidate difficult problems such as Lee et al [10] for the optimization of trusses, Li et al [11] to find optimal pin-jointed structures, Kaveh and Talatahari [12] for the optimum design of skeletal structures, and Minoglou et al [13] where a heuristic algorithm was examined to find the optimum design of steel thin-wall tanks
Summary
Reinforced concrete retaining walls (RCRW) set up an essential part of infrastructures which are commonly erected for various applications, generally for road and transportation structures, bridge abutments, lifelines, etc. Minimization of cost in design in conjunction with the satisfaction of modern code provisions for structural safety can be reached using an optimization technique, which is a characteristic step of entirely engineering procedures. Heuristic methods appear to have various procedures, for example, simulated annealing methods, genetic algorithm schemes, etc These approaches are mostly beneficial for complicated optimization engineering problems where deterministic methods are frequently incapable of catching the optimal results within an affordable and rational time. Many research works were recently published to develop heuristic methods to elucidate difficult problems such as Lee et al [10] for the optimization of trusses, Li et al [11] to find optimal pin-jointed structures, Kaveh and Talatahari [12] for the optimum design of skeletal structures, and Minoglou et al [13] where a heuristic algorithm was examined to find the optimum design of steel thin-wall tanks
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