Optimization of Progressive Freezing for Residual Oil Recovery from a Palm Oil-Water Mixture (POME Model).

Muhammad Athir Mohamed Anuar,Nurul Aini Amran,Muhammad Syafiq Hazwan Ruslan

doi:10.1021/acsomega.0c04897

Muhammad Athir Mohamed Anuar, Nurul Aini Amran + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c04897

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Journal: ACS omega	Publication Date: Jan 20, 2021
Citations: 12	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Petronas (Malaysia), Universiti Teknologi Petronas

Abstract

Oil and grease remain the dominant contaminants in the palm oil mill effluent (POME) despite the conventional treatment of POME. The removal of residual oil from palm oil–water mixture (POME model) using the progressive freezing process was investigated. An optimization technique called response surface methodology (RSM) with the design of rotatable central composite design was applied to figure out the optimum experimental variables generated by Design–Expert software (version 6.0.4. Stat-Ease, trial version). Besides, RSM also helps to investigate the interactive effects among the independent variables compared to one factor at a time. The variables involved are coolant temperature, XA (4–12 °C), freezing time, XB (20–60 min), and circulation flow, XC (200–600 rpm). The statistical analysis showed that a two-factor interaction model was developed using the obtained experimental data with a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 0.9582. From the RSM-generated model, the optimum conditions for extraction of oil from the POME model were a coolant temperature of 6 °C in 50 min freezing time with a circulation flowrate of 500 rpm. The validation of the model showed that the predicted oil yield and experimental oil yield were 92.56 and 93.20%, respectively.

Highlights

Palm oil has gradually developed as an essential in the agriculture sector, for Malaysia and Indonesia.[1,2] As illustrated in Figure 1, both countries had concurred 32 and54% of palm oil production, respectively
palm oil mill effluent (POME) refers to an extremely contaminating waste manufactured from the fresh fruit bunch (FFB) process in the palm oil mill that is inevitable
Previous studies reported that approximately 50% of water consumption during the palm oil extraction process is converted into steam, while the remaining 50% is translated into POME.[5]

Summary

Introduction

Palm oil has gradually developed as an essential in the agriculture sector, for Malaysia and Indonesia.[1,2] As illustrated in Figure 1, both countries had concurred 32 and54% of palm oil production, respectively. Palm oil has gradually developed as an essential in the agriculture sector, for Malaysia and Indonesia.[1,2] both countries had concurred 32 and. POME refers to an extremely contaminating waste manufactured from the fresh fruit bunch (FFB) process in the palm oil mill that is inevitable. POME is a massive amount of liquid waste, which possesses an offensive odor, is organic in the environment, and is nontoxic. Previous studies reported that approximately 50% of water consumption during the palm oil extraction process is converted into steam, while the remaining 50% is translated into POME.[5] The high value of degradable organic matter inside raw POME might be because of the presence of unrecovered palm oil inside it.[5]

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Results

Conclusion