Abstract
In this work, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) of three acetophenones (4-hydroxyacetophenone, baishouwubenzophenone, and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone) from Cynanchum bungei (ACB) were investigated. The optimal conditions for extraction of ACB were obtained using a Box-Behnken design, consisting of 17 experimental points, as follows: Ethanol (100%) as the extraction solvent at a temperature of 120 °C and an extraction pressure of 1500 psi, using one extraction cycle with a static extraction time of 17 min. The extracted samples were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography using an UV detector. Under this optimal condition, the experimental values agreed with the predicted values by analysis of variance. The ACB extraction yield with optimal PLE was higher than that obtained by soxhlet extraction and heat-reflux extraction methods. The results suggest that the PLE method provides a good alternative for acetophenone extraction.
Highlights
The tuberous root of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae, ACB) has been traditionally used as one of the “four famous medicines” of Mount Tai
pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) was applied to the extraction of the three main acetophenones from ACB to investigate the effects of high temperature and pressure on the efficiency of the extraction
Extraction time could be reduced in comparison with the conventional method, at high temperatures and a pressure enhanced extraction speed
Summary
The tuberous root of Cynanchum bungei Decne (Asclepiadaceae, ACB) has been traditionally used as one of the “four famous medicines” of Mount Tai. Natural product extraction forms the basis of the growing medicinal chemistry industry Classical extraction methods, such as soxhlet extraction (SE) and heat-reflux extraction (HRE), are both time and solvent consuming [9]. New extraction techniques emerged that will certainly supersede traditional extraction technologies in the future. These include supercritical fluid extraction [10], pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) [11], ultrasound-assisted extraction [12], and microwave-assisted solvent extraction [13]. PLE was applied to the extraction of the three main acetophenones from ACB to investigate the effects of high temperature and pressure on the efficiency of the extraction. The relationship between the extraction conditions and the extraction yield of ACB was studied by running an experimental design, constructing a mathematical model, and investigating the relationship by response surface methodology
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