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Abstract
The potential of carbon capture and storage to provide a low carbon fossil-fueled power generation sector that complements the continuously growing renewable sector is becoming ever more apparent. An optimization of a post combustion capture unit employing the solvent monoethanolamine (MEA) was carried out using a Taguchi design of experiment to mitigate the parasitic energy demands of the system. An equilibrium-based approach was employed in Aspen Plus to simulate 90% capture of the CO2 emitted from a 600 MW natural gas combined-cycle gas turbine power plant. The effects of varying the inlet flue gas temperature, absorber column operating pressure, amount of exhaust gas recycle, and amine concentration were evaluated using signal to noise ratios and analysis of variance. The optimum levels that minimized the specific energy requirements were a: flue gas temperature = 50 °C; absorber pressure = 1 bar; exhaust gas recirculation = 20% and; amine concentration = 35 wt%, with a relative importance of: amine concentration > absorber column pressure > exhaust gas recirculation > flue gas temperature. This configuration gave a total capture unit energy requirement of 5.05 GJ/tonneCO2, with an energy requirement in the reboiler of 3.94 GJ/tonneCO2. All the studied factors except the flue gas temperature, demonstrated a statistically significant association to the response.
Highlights
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2010 reached 49 ± 4.5 GtCO2 -eq/year, emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes contributed approximately 80% of the total GHG emissions increase from 1970–2010 [1]
From the 25 simulations, the minimum total energy requirement for the unit as a whole was 5.14 GJ/tCO2 with a reboiler requirement of 3.97 GJ/tCO2. These requirements were found in run 11 using the following factor configuration: flue gas to the absorber (FGT) = 60◦ C; ACP = 1 bar; exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) = 30% and; concentration of the amine (CONC) = 35 wt%
The use of the Taguchi method allowed an accurate assessment of the effect of four control variables in the operation of an MEA-based post combustion CO2 capture plant
Summary
Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2010 reached 49 ± 4.5 GtCO2 -eq/year, emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes contributed approximately 80% of the total GHG emissions increase from 1970–2010 [1]. The mitigation of climate change and increasing global temperatures requires a combination of new, renewable technology and an improvement of the existing infrastructure to move towards a low and ideally zero-carbon society; in line with the Climate. The use of fossil-fueled power stations continues to grow due to their ability to respond to changes in demand [3] and offset the intermittency of current renewable technology. Natural gas sees its share of generation at 42% and often perceived as a much cleaner fuel at the point of use than coal [5], producing around 350 kgCO2 /MWh [6], reducing the carbon intensity of this growing sector is vital for stabilizing global temperature increase to below 2 ◦ C. Amine-based carbon capture and storage (CCS) is seen as one of the best CO2 abatement approaches [7]; the solvent
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