Optimization of Phenolics Extracted from Idesia polycarpa Defatted Fruit Residue and Its Antioxidant and Depigmenting Activity In Vitro and In Vivo.

Yang Ye,Lin Tang,Xiao-Shan Tang,Fang Chen

doi:10.1155/2014/931269

Abstract

Extraction of phenolics from Idesia polycarpa defatted fruit residue was optimized by the maximization of the yield in total phenolics, using the response surface methodology. The optimized conditions were 50% ethanol, 5 h extraction time, 1 : 40 liquid to solid ratio, and 80°C extraction temperature. The experimental average total phenolics yield was 54.49 ± 4.26 mg/g. These antioxidant properties of phenolics were comprehensively analyzed for the first time. All the extracts not only demonstrated the significant free radical scavenging activities and metal chelating activity but also inhibited lipid, lipoprotein peroxidation and revealed reducing power activity. Ethyl acetate extraction (EAE) also inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity and significantly increased the average skin-whitening index (L value) of the skin of C57BL/6 mice, indicating its potential use for skin hyperpigmentation in humans. The results of cell experiments showed EAE could strongly inhibit cellular tyrosinase activity, which had led to the decrease of melanogenesis in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Overall, EAE is an excellent natural antioxidant and depigmenting agent, which can be developed as a new food additive, medicine, and cosmetic.

Highlights

Idesia polycarpa is a deciduous tree of the Flacourtiaceae family and widly distributed
To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the extraction conditions and antioxidant activities and depigmenting activity of total phenolics extracted from Idesia polycarpa defatted fruit residue
The inhibition of yolk lipoprotein peroxidation was determined as reported in China [23]: 0.2 mL 4% suspension prepared in PBS (0.01 mol/L, pH 7.4), 0.2 mL extracts/standard (VE), 0.2 mL 25 mmol/L ferrous sulfate, and 1.4 mL of PBS were added and the mixture was incubated at 37∘C for 15 min with constant oscillation

Summary

Introduction

Idesia polycarpa is a deciduous tree of the Flacourtiaceae family and widly distributed. Oil content of Idesia polycarpa fruit is more than 40%. There are lots of phenolics in fruit, such as idescarpin, which has the skin-whiting effect [2]. Idesin and salirepin extracted from defatted fruit residue have antiinflammatory effect [3]. The fruit residue does not get reasonable utilization after oil extraction. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine skin-whitening effect [11]. For these reasons, phenolics have received considerable attention. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on the extraction conditions and antioxidant activities and depigmenting activity of total phenolics extracted from Idesia polycarpa defatted fruit residue. The extracts were analyzed by eight various antioxidant activity tests. Depigmenting activities of EAE in vitro and in vivo were analyzed in this study

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

10 L value

Conclusion