Abstract
α-PbO2 was introduced into the intermediate layer of an electrode to prevent the separation of the electrodeposited layer and maintain oxidizing power. The resulting Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 composite electrode was applied to the electrochemical decolorization of methylene blue (MB) and the operating conditions for MB decolorization with the Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 electrode were optimized. The morphology, structure, composition, and electrochemical performance of Ti/α-PbO2 and Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 anode were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The optimum operating parameters for the electrochemical decolorization of MB at Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 composites were as follows: Na2SO4 electrolyte 0.05 g L−1, initial concentration of MB 9 mg L−1, cell voltage 20 V, current density 0.05–0.10 A cm−2, and pH 6.0. MB dye could be completely decolorized with Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 for the treatment time of less than one hour, and the dye decolorization efficiency with Ti/α-PbO2/β-PbO2 was about 5 times better, compared with those obtained with Ti/α-PbO2.
Highlights
Water pollution by dyes in rivers and oceans has become a very serious global environmental problem, since about 20~50% of the applied dyes in textile industry remain in the aqueous phase [1,2]
Ti/α-PbO2 2/β/βPbO22 electrode, electrode, it was observed that the fine particles on the coating surface maintained maintained aa perfect pyramidal shape and the electrode surface was not changed during the electrolysis (Figure 2c,d). The results indicate it that Ti/α-PbO2 /β-PbO2 composite electrode has better stability, durability, and recyclability
Inhibits the oxygen evolution reaction and is potentials (OEPs) of prepared electrodes are determined by the extrapolation of current very effective for increasing the electrochemical oxidation efficiency of organic pollutants density curve
Summary
Water pollution by dyes in rivers and oceans has become a very serious global environmental problem, since about 20~50% of the applied dyes in textile industry remain in the aqueous phase [1,2] To solve this problem, we need to treat dyes contained in domestic wastewater and industrial waste. Among them electrochemical oxidation has features such as easy operability, low environmental load, safety, and high energy efficiency, it is regarded as one of the technologies of advanced oxidation treatment of wastewater containing toxic organic pollutants [10,11]. The Ti-based PbO2 is one of the promising electrode materials, because it can anodize harmful organic substances in wastewater and decompose them efficiently and has the merits of low cost. The morphology, structure, composition, and electrochemical performance of Ti/α-PbO2 /βPbO2 were evaluated by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffrac-tion (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
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