Abstract
Gamma rays and electrons with kinetic energy up to 10 MeV are routinely used to sterilize biomaterials. To date, the effects of irradiation upon human acellular dermal matrices (hADMs) remain to be fully elucidated. The optimal irradiation dosage remains a critical parameter affecting the final product structure and, by extension, its therapeutic potential. ADM slides were prepared by various digestion methods. The influence of various doses of radiation sterilization using a high-energy electron beam on the structure of collagen, the formation of free radicals and immune responses to non-irradiated (native) and irradiated hADM was investigated. The study of the structure changes was carried out using the following methods: immunohistology, immunoblotting, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It was shown that radiation sterilization did not change the architecture and three-dimensional structure of hADM; however, it significantly influenced the degradation of collagen fibers and induced the production of free radicals in a dose-dependent manner. More importantly, the observed effects did not disrupt the therapeutic potential of the new transplants. Therefore, radiation sterilization at a dose of 35kGy can ensure high sterility of the dressing while maintaining its therapeutic potential.
Highlights
Much effort has been made to find an effective treatment option for patients suffering from skin injuries and hard-healing wounds such as burns, ulcers, epidermolysis bullosa, and others
By using Masson’s trichrome staining, we found that the general structure of irradiated human acellular dermal matrices (hADMs) remains stable and comparable with its native counterparts
As expected, collagen fiber fragmentation was observed in irradiated acellular dermal matrices (ADMs)
Summary
Much effort has been made to find an effective treatment option for patients suffering from skin injuries and hard-healing wounds such as burns, ulcers, epidermolysis bullosa, and others. Despite significant progress in the fundamental mechanisms regulating wound healing and the contribution of skin substitutes in this regard, effective treatment options for the vast majority of hard-healing wounds are still limited to invasive autografts and allografts. The use of autologous skin grafts is greatly limited by size and availability [1], as well as the harm it may cause in individuals with abnormal wound healing. A commonly considered and established alternative is the use of acellular dermal matrices (ADMs), which meet most clinical expectations and may serve as a dressing alone or in combination with cellular therapy [1,2]. The use of acellular dermal scaffolds as stem cell carriers represents an exciting option to improve wound closure, reepithelization, and wound remodeling [1,3,4,5].
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